- sets up or establishes a scene or setting
- traditionally a shot at the begging of a scene
- e.g a exterior shot of building then interior shot of people talking shows that conversation in building
Close up
- close up on persons head or object
- used to see a whole facial expression or view a prop
Extreme close up
- zoomed in on a small object or part of body
- often to show reactions or to mask an identity of a character
Mid shot
- framing an object five feet high
- usefully in genre such a western where a cowboys weapon must be shown
Long shot
- framing a tall object like a standing human
- It is stable and can film movement
- often used in musicals and martial arts
- it also shows surrounding
Extreme long shot
- to scale an object very small
- can film a building,landscape,crowd of people
- last shot of sequence or establishing shot
- it can show where characters meet
- or used to film large objects such as planes
- extreme long shots from an arial perspective is called a birds eye view
Wide shot
- action scene
- wide panoramic view
- wide angle lens
Two shot
- shoes to people that do not have to be next to each other
- shows emotional reactions between characters
Aerial shot
- shot taken from a high stationary position
- such as a helicopter,crane or plane
POV
- shot taken from where characters eyes would be
- shows what character would see
- used in horror films and thrillers
Over shoulder shot
- characters point of view but includes part of shoulder
High angle
- a shot from above pointing down on action
- to show character is threatened or insignificant
Low angle
- a shot taken from below pointing up at action
- implies power and superiority
straights on eye level shot
- shot on same level as subject
- implies equality and normality
Pan
- movement of camera body from left to right
- to show relationship between character and place and alerts us of proximity
- the speed implies different dramatic purposes
Tracking shot
- a shot which follows character and moves character
Dolly
- support for camera that allows it to move in all directions
- to move camera towards-dolly in
- to move camera from -dolly out or back
Crane shot
- camera above ground moving in any direction
- often an extreme long shot
- can create sense of an all knowing character
Hand held steady camera
- either hand held camera or on a gyroscopic stabiliser
- gives a degree of jerky movement and flexibility
Zoom shot
- changing the focal lens in a shot or zooming in
- often to establish an object in a scene
Reverse Zoom
- zooming out
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